annotate docs/rendered/_sources/pymonkey.txt @ 139:d08cb5a06c66

Added docs for Script, compile_script() and execute_script().
author Atul Varma <varmaa@toolness.com>
date Mon, 24 Aug 2009 11:39:58 -0700
parents 0c81cb18c935
children 96dc1beefc00
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1 :mod:`pymonkey` --- Access SpiderMonkey from Python
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2 ===================================================
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4 .. module:: pymonkey
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5 :synopsis: Access SpiderMonkey from Python
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7 .. testsetup:: *
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9 import pymonkey
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10
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11 This module offers a low-level interface to the `Mozilla SpiderMonkey
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12 <https://developer.mozilla.org/en/SpiderMonkey>`_ JavaScript engine.
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14 .. exception:: error
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15
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16 This is the type of any SpiderMonkey-related errors thrown by this
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17 module.
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18
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19 .. data:: undefined
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20
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21 This is the singleton that represents the JavaScript value
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22 ``undefined``, as Python has no equivalent representation
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23 (JavaScript's ``null`` is mapped to Python's ``None`` object).
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24 For instance:
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25
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26 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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27 >>> cx.evaluate_script(cx.new_object(), '', '<string>', 1)
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28 pymonkey.undefined
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30 This object also has a "falsy" value:
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31
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32 >>> if not pymonkey.undefined:
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33 ... print "See, it's falsy!"
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34 See, it's falsy!
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35
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36 .. class:: Object
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37
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38 This is the type of JavaScript objects. Such objects can only be
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39 created via Pymonkey calls like :meth:`Context.new_object()` or
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40 through the execution of JS code, but this type object can be used
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41 with Python's built-in :func:`isinstance()` to verify that an
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42 object is a JS object, like so:
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43
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44 >>> obj = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context().new_object()
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45 >>> isinstance(obj, pymonkey.Object)
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46 True
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48 .. method:: get_runtime()
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49
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50 Returns the :class:`Runtime` that the object belongs to.
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52 .. class:: Function
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53
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54 This is the type of JavaScript functions, which is a subtype of
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55 :class:`Object`.
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56
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57 .. class:: Script
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58
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59 This is the type of compiled JavaScript scripts; it's actually a
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60 subtype of :class:`Object`, though when exposed to JS code it
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61 doesn't provide access to any special data or functionality.
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62
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63 Script instances have a read-only buffer interface that exposes
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64 their bytecode. This can be accessed by passing an instance to
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65 Python's built-in ``buffer()`` function.
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66
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67 .. class:: Context
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69 This is the type of JavaScript context objects. Contexts can only
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70 be created via a call to :meth:`Runtime.new_context()`, but this
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71 type object can be used with Python's built-in :func:`isinstance()`
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72 to verify that an object is a context, like so:
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74 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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75 >>> isinstance(cx, pymonkey.Context)
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76 True
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77
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78 JS contexts are weak-referencable.
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79
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80 .. method:: get_runtime()
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81
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82 Returns the :class:`Runtime` that the context belongs to.
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83
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84 .. method:: new_object([private_obj])
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85
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86 Creates a new :class:`Object` instance and returns
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87 it. ``private_obj`` is any Python object that is privately
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88 stored within the new JS object; it can be retrieved using
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89 :meth:`get_object_private()`.
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90
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91 .. method:: new_function(func, name)
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92
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93 Creates a new :class:`Function` instance that wraps the
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94 given Python callable. In JS-land, the function will
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95 have the given name.
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96
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97 When the function is executed from JavaScript, `func`
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98 will be passed three positional arguments.
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99
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100 The first argument is a :class:`Context` that represents the
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101 JS context which is calling the function.
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102
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103 The second argument is an :class:`Object` that represents the
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104 value of ``this`` for the duration of the call.
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105
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106 The third argument is a tuple containing the arguments
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107 passed to the function.
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108
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109 For instance:
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110
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111 >>> def add(cx, this, args):
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112 ... return args[0] + args[1]
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113 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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114 >>> obj = cx.new_object()
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115 >>> cx.define_property(obj, 'add', cx.new_function(add, 'add'))
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116 >>> cx.evaluate_script(obj, 'add(1, 1);', '<string>', 1)
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117 2
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118
114
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119 .. method:: define_property(object, name, value)
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120
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121 Creates a new property on `object`, bypassing any JavaScript setters.
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122
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123 .. method:: has_property(object, name)
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124
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125 Returns whether or not `object` has the specified property.
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126
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127 .. method:: get_property(object, name)
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128
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129 Finds the specified property on `object` and returns its value,
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130 possibly invoking a JavaScript getter.
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131
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132 Example:
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133
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134 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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135 >>> obj = cx.new_object()
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136 >>> cx.define_property(obj, 'beets', 'i like beets.')
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137 >>> cx.get_property(obj, 'beets')
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138 u'i like beets.'
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139
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140 Note also that calling this function on undefined properties
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141 yields :data:`undefined`:
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142
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143 >>> cx.get_property(obj, 'carrots')
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144 pymonkey.undefined
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145
79
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146 .. method:: get_object_private(object)
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147
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148 Returns the ``private_obj`` passed to :meth:`new_object()`
79
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149 when `object` was first created. If it doesn't exist, ``None``
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150 is returned.
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151
85
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152 If `object` was created with :meth:`new_function()`, then this
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153 method returns the Python callable wrapped by `object`.
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154
90
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155 This functionality is useful if you want to securely represent
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156 Python objects in JS-land.
58
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157
85
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158 .. method:: clear_object_private(object)
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159
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160 Clears the ``private_obj`` passed to :meth:`new_object()`
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161 when `object` was first created. If it doesn't exist, this
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162 function returns nothing.
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163
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164 If `object` was created with :meth:`new_function()`, then this
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165 method effectively "unbinds" the Python callable wrapped by
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166 `object`. If `object` is later called, an exception will be
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167 raised.
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168
90
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169 .. method:: evaluate_script(globalobj, code, filename, lineno)
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170
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171 Evaluates the text `code` using `globalobj` as the global
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172 object/scope.
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173
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174 It's assumed that `code` is coming from the file named by `filename`;
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175 the first line of `code` is assumed to be line number `lineno` of
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176 `filename`. This metadata is very useful for debugging stack traces,
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177 exceptions, and so forth.
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178
113
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179 For example:
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180
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181 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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182 >>> obj = cx.new_object()
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183 >>> cx.init_standard_classes(obj)
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184 >>> cx.evaluate_script(obj, '5 * Math', '<string>', 1)
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185 nan
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186
139
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187 .. method:: compile_script(obj, code, filename, lineno)
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188
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189 Compiles the given string of code and returns a :class:`Script`
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190 instance that can be executed via :meth:`execute_script()`.
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191
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192 `filename` and `lineno` are used just as in
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193 :meth:`evaluate_script()`.
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194
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195 `obj` is defined in the SpiderMonkey documentation to be
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196 the "object with which the script is associated", though it's
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197 unclear what its actual role is.
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198
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199 .. method:: execute_script(globalobj, script)
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200
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201 Executes the code in the given :class:`Script` object, using
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202 `globalobj` as the global object/scope, and returns the result.
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203
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204 For example:
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205
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206 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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207 >>> obj = cx.new_object()
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208 >>> cx.init_standard_classes(obj)
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209 >>> script = cx.compile_script(cx.new_object(), '5 * Math',
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210 ... '<string>', 1)
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211 >>> cx.execute_script(obj, script)
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212 nan
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213
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214 .. method:: call_function(thisobj, func, args)
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215
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216 Calls a JavaScript function.
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217
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218 `thisobj` is an :class:`Object` that will be used as the value
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219 of ``this`` when the function executes, `func` is the
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220 :class:`Function` to execute, and `args` is a tuple of arguments
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221 to pass to the function.
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222
112
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223 For instance:
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224
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225 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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226 >>> obj = cx.new_object()
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227 >>> cx.init_standard_classes(obj)
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228 >>> Math = cx.get_property(obj, 'Math')
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229 >>> floor = cx.get_property(Math, 'floor')
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230 >>> cx.call_function(Math, floor, (5.3,))
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231 5
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232
58
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233 .. method:: init_standard_classes(object)
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234
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235 Defines the standard JavaScript classes on the given
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236 :class:`Object`, such as ``Array``, ``eval``, ``undefined``, and
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237 so forth. For more information, see the documentation to
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238 `JS_InitStandardClasses()
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239 <https://developer.mozilla.org/en/SpiderMonkey/JSAPI_Reference/JS_InitStandardClasses>`_,
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240 which this method wraps.
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241
115
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242 .. method:: gc()
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243
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244 Performs garbage collection on the context's JavaScript runtime.
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245
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246 .. method:: set_operation_callback(func)
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247
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248 Sets the operation callback for the context to the given Python
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249 callable. The callback can be triggered via
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250 :meth:`trigger_operation_callback()`.
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251
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252 `func` takes one argument: the context that triggered it.
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253
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254 .. method:: trigger_operation_callback()
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255
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256 Triggers the context's operation callback. If no callback has
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257 yet been set, this function does nothing.
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258
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259 This function is one of the few thread-safe functions available
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260 to a JS runtime, and together with
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261 :meth:`set_operation_callback()` can be used to abort the
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262 execution of long-running code.
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263
116
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264 For instance, we first create an operation callback to stop
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265 long-running code by throwing an exception:
115
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266
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267 >>> import time, threading
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268 >>> cx = pymonkey.Runtime().new_context()
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269 >>> def stop_running_code(cx):
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270 ... raise Exception('JS took too long to execute.')
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271 >>> cx.set_operation_callback(stop_running_code)
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272
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273 Then we create a watchdog thread to trigger the operation
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274 callback once a long amount of time has passed:
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275
115
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276 >>> def watchdog_thread():
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277 ... time.sleep(0.1) # An eternity to a computer!
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278 ... cx.trigger_operation_callback()
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279 >>> thread = threading.Thread(target=watchdog_thread)
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280 >>> thread.start()
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281
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282 Now, when we execute code that takes too long to run, it gets
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283 aborted:
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284
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285 >>> try:
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286 ... cx.evaluate_script(cx.new_object(), 'while (1) {}',
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287 ... '<string>', 1)
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288 ... except pymonkey.error, e:
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289 ... print cx.get_object_private(e.args[0])
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290 JS took too long to execute.
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291
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292 .. class:: Runtime()
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293
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294 Creates a new JavaScript runtime. JS objects created by the runtime
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295 may only interact with other JS objects of the same runtime.
51
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296
119
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297 With few exceptions, objects belonging to a runtime can currently
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298 only be used in the same thread that the runtime was created
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299 in. This may be changed in the future, since SpiderMonkey itself
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300 has support for thread safety.
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301
130
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302 JS runtimes are weak-referencable.
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303
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304 .. method:: new_context()
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305
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306 Creates a new Context object and returns it. Contexts are best
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307 conceptualized as threads of execution in a JS runtme; each one
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308 has a program counter, a current exception state, and so
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309 forth. JS objects may be freely accessed and changed by contexts
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310 that are associated with the same JS runtime as the objects.